Conjecture

Suleyman holds that for states "advantage and control point in opposing directions": nations racing for strategic advantage will not trade it for control, as in China's two tracks, "a regulated civilian path and a freewheeling, military-industrial one". This is the mainstream counter to our claim that keeping control is a competitive advantage. It is strongest where rivals compete for military advantage and cannot leave one another, weakest where actors compete for voluntary capital, users and trust.

Institutional design