A civilisation that must adopt a rival's technology to survive moves its refusal onto what it can still refuse, and an identity built against the other from weakness binds with resentment rather than triumph. Ansary, ch. 25: "a Muslim identity shaped by the otherness of the other"; unlike rising Crusade-era Europe, "Here, an identity shaped by the otherness of the other could not help but include dark threads of resentment"; "Muslims who rejected science, technology, and industry were dooming themselves to servility"; "if they weren't rejecting science and the machine, what were they rejecting? It had to be social and sexual mores"; identity "came to focus obsessively on the privatization of women." That the refusal trap does not disappear when capability is accepted but migrates to what can be refused, often onto the least powerful, is Leo's step; extrapolating it to AI is speculation.

Evidence 6 passages

groundsSource document
Out of this process emerged the outlines of a Muslim identity shaped by the otherness of the other.
groundsSource document
Here, an identity shaped by the otherness of the other could not help but include dark threads of resentment.
groundsSource document
Muslims who rejected science, technology, and industry were dooming themselves to servility.
groundsSource document
if they weren't rejecting science and the machine, what were they rejecting? It had to be social and sexual mores, the most blatant difference between the West and the Middle World.
groundsSource document
Muslim identity came to focus obsessively on the privatization of women.
backsSource document
between the machine and people living in pre-mechanical social constellations, there was no contest.

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