Translation changes structure, not only surface: an idea rendered in a receiving language's existing terms imports those terms' connotations, and the result is a new variant (Gothic Arianism, Chan Buddhism), not the original in new words.

Evidence 3 passages

• groundsSource document

  When Ulphilas used Gothic words to express Christian ideas, he produced a Bible subtly different from the one used by the churches of Rome and Constantinople.

• groundsSource document

  The Chinese translators had to render Buddhist texts into Chinese using terms that already existed in the Chinese script. These terms all had established meanings and connotations

• groundsSource document

  Inevitably, Chinese Buddhism absorbed some of the flavors of Taoism and imparted various subtle flavors back. Out of this blushing came Chan Buddhism, a uniquely Chinese version of a faith born in India.

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